Chekutanga, manyowa ehuku mbishi haana kuenzana nefotereza.Organic fetireza (Organic fertilizer) zvinoreva mashanga, keke, mupfudze wezvipfuyo, masara ehowa nezvimwe zvakasara kuburikidza nekuora, kuviriswa nekugadziriswa zvinogadzirwa kuita fetereza.Mupfudze wezvipfuyo chimwe chete chezvigadzirwa zvekugadzira fetereza yepasi.
Kunyangwe mupfudze wehuku wakanyorova kana wakaoma ukasaviriswa, zvinozotungamira mukuparara kwemuriwo wegreenhouse, minda yemichero nezvimwe zvirimwa zvekutengesa, zvichikonzera kurasikirwa kukuru kwehupfumi kuvarimi.Ngatitangei nekutarisa njodzi dzemupfudze wehuku mbishi, uye sei vanhu vachifunga kuti mupfudze wehuku mbishi unoshanda kupfuura mamwe manyowa emhuka?Uye sei kushandisa zvizere huku manyowa zvakarurama uye zvinobudirira?
Njodzi sere dzinokonzereswa zviri nyore nekushandiswa kwehuku mumagreenhouse uye minda yemichero:
1. Kupisa midzi, kupisa mbesa uye kuuraya zvirimwa
Mushure mekushandisa mupfudze wehuku usina kuviriswa, kana ruoko rwako rukapinda muvhu, tembiricha yevhu inokwira zvakanyanya.Muzviitiko zvakakomba, kufa kweflake kana denga rakazara kunononoka kurima uye kukonzeresa kurasikirwa kwemutengo wevashandi uye kudyara mbeu.
Kunyanya, kushandiswa kwehuku mupfudze munguva yechando uye muchirimo kune njodzi huru inogona kuchengeteka, nokuti panguva ino, kutonhora mukati me greenhouse kwakakwirira, uye kuviriswa kwehuku mupfudze kunotumira kupisa kwakanyanya, zvichiita kuti midzi inopisa. .Mupfudze wehuku wakashandiswa mumunda wemichero munguva yechando uye muchirimo, ingori munguva yemidzi dormancy.Kamwe mudzi wacho wakapiswa, waizokanganisa kuunganidza kwezvokudya uye maruva uye fruiting mugore rinouya.
2. Salinization yevhu, kuderedza kugadzirwa kwemichero
Kuenderera mberi kwekushandisa mupfudze wehuku kwasiya huwandu hukuru hwe sodium chloride muvhu, ine avhareji ye30-40 kilograms yemunyu pa6 square metres yehuku, uye 10 kilogiramu yemunyu paeka yakaganhurira zvakanyanya kupenya kwevhu nekuita. .Solidified phosphate fetireza, potashi fetiraiza, calcium, magnesium, zingi, iron, boron, manganese nezvimwe zvakakosha, zvichikonzera kukura kwechirimwa, kushomeka kwemaruva uye kugadzirwa kwemichero, zvichidzora zvakanyanya kuvandudzwa kwegoho nemhando.
Nekuda kweizvozvo, mwero wekushandiswa kwefetereza wakadzikira gore negore uye mari yekupinda yakawedzera ne50-100%.
3. Acidify ivhu uye kuunza zvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana zverhizosphere uye zvirwere zvehutachiona
Nekuti iyo pH yemupfudze wehuku inenge 4, iine acidic zvakanyanya uye ichaita acidify ivhu, zvichikonzera kushungurudzika kwemakemikari uye kukuvadzwa kwakanyanya kune stem base nemidzi yemidzi, ichipa huwandu hukuru hwehutachiona hunotakurwa nehuku, chirwere chinotakurwa nevhu. -kutakura mabhakitiriya, mavhairasi uye inopa mukana wekupinda uye hutachiona, kana hunyoro uye tembiricha zvinosvika pachirwere chichaitika.
Kushandiswa kusina kukwana kuvirisa huku mupfudze, nyore kukonzera chirimwa wilt, yero yasvava, atrophy kumira kukura, hapana maruva nemichero, uye kunyange rufu;Chirwere chehutachiona, chirwere chedenda, kuora kwedzinde, kuodza kwemidzi uye wilt yebhakitiriya ndizvo zvinoteedzana zvakanyanya pakushandisa mupfudze wehuku.
4.Root knot nematode infestation
Mupfudze wehuku inzvimbo yemisasa uye inoberekera midzi-pfundo nematodes.Nhamba yemidzi-knot nematode mazai ndeye 100 pa 1000 gramu.Mazai ari mundove yehuku ari nyore kuchechenywa uye anowanda nemakumi ezviuru nehusiku humwe.
Manematodes anonyanya kubatwa nemakemikari, uye anokurumidza kufamba kusvika pakadzika 50 cm kusvika 1.5 m, izvo zvinoita kuti zviome kurapa.Root-knot nematode ndiyo imwe yenjodzi dzinouraya kunyanya kumashedhi ekare anopfuura makore matatu.
5. Huya nemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya, inokanganisa kuchengetedzwa kwezvigadzirwa zvekurima
Chikafu chehuku chine mahomoni akawanda, uyezve wedzera mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya kudzivirira zvirwere, izvi zvinotakurirwa muvhu kuburikidza nemupfudze wehuku, zvichikanganisa kuchengetedzwa kwezvigadzirwa zvekurima.
6. Kugadzira magasi anokuvadza, anokanganisa kukura kwezvirimwa, kuuraya mbesa
Mupfudze wehuku mukuwora kugadzira methane, gasi reammonia nemamwe magasi anokuvadza, kuitira kuti ivhu nezvirimwa zvibudise kukuvadzwa kweasidhi uye kukuvadzwa kwemidzi, zvakakomba kugadzirwa kwe ethylene gasi inhibition yekukura kwemidzi, inova zvakare chikonzero chikuru kutsva midzi.
7. Kuramba kushandiswa kwehuku tsvina, zvichiita kuti kushayikwa kweokisijeni mumidzi
Kuenderera mberi kwekushandisa mupfudze wehuku kunoguma nekushaikwa kweokisijeni mumidzi uye kusakura zvakanaka.Kana mupfudze wehuku uchiiswa muvhu, inopedza okisijeni muvhu panguva yekuora, zvichiita kuti ivhu rive kwenguva pfupi mumamiriro e hypoxia, izvo zvinotadzisa kukura kwezvirimwa.
8. Masimbi anorema anodarika mwero
Mupfudze wehuku une huwandu hwakawanda hwesimbi inorema semhangura, mecury, chromium, cadmium, lead uye arsenic, pamwe nemasarira mazhinji ehomoni, ayo anokonzera simbi inorema yakawandisa muzvigadzirwa zvekurima, kusvibisa mvura yepasi pevhu nevhu, zvinotora nguva yakareba kuti organic. nyaya yekushandura kuita humus, uye kukonzera kurasikirwa kwakanyanya kwekudya.
Sei kuorera kwevhu kuchiita kunge kwakakwira nekuisa mupfudze wehuku?
Izvi zvinodaro nekuti matumbu ehuku akatwasuka, tsvina uye weti pamwe chete, saka iyo organic matter iri muhuku manyowa, inopfuura 60% ye organic matter iri muchimiro cheuric acid, uric acid decomposition inopa yakawanda nitrogen elements, 500 kg yemupfudze wehuku yakaenzana ne76.5 kg yeurea, pamusoro payo inoita senge zvirimwa zvinokura zvine simba.Kana rudzi urwu rwemamiriro ezvinhu rukaitika mumhando yejacket kana muti wemuchero wemuzambiringa, unogona kubereka chirwere chakakomba chephysiology.
Izvi zvinonyanya kukonzerwa nekupokana kuri pakati penitrogen netrace elements uye kuwandisa kweurea, izvo zvinokonzeresa kunyudzwa kwezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvepakati uye zvekutevera kuvharika, zvichiita kuti mashizha eyero, kuora kweumbilical, kutsemuka kwemichero uye chirwere chetsoka yehuku.
Wakambosangana nemamiriro ezvinhu ekupisa mbesa kana kuti midzi inoora muminda yako yemichero kana mapindu emiriwo?
Fetereza inoshandiswa zvakanyanya, asi goho nemhando hazvigone kuvandudzwa.Pane nyaya dzakaipa here?zvakadai sekufa kwehafu yehurefu, kuoma kwevhu, mashanga anorema, nezvimwewo. Mupfudze wehuku unoda kupfuura nekuvirisa uye kurapwa kusina ngozi kusati kwaiswa muvhu!
Kushandisa zvine musoro uye zvinobudirira zvehuku manyowa
Mupfudze wehuku yakanaka mbishi zvinhu zve organic fetireza, ine inenge 1.63% pure nitrogen, inenge 1.54% P2O5 uye inenge 0.085% potassium.Inogona kugadzirwa kuita organic fetereza nehunyanzvi organic fetireza kugadzira michina.Mushure mekuvirisa, zvipembenene zvinokuvadza uye mhodzi dzemasora dzichabviswa nekukwira nekudonha kwekushisa.Mutsetse wekugadzira wehuku mupfudze unosanganisira kuvirisa → kupwanya → kusanganiswa kwezviyo → granulation → kuomesa → kutonhora → kuongorora → kuyera uye kuisa chisimbiso → kuchengetedza zvigadzirwa zvakapedzwa.
Flow chart ye organic fertilizer process
Process flow chart ye organic fertilizer ine pagore inobuda matani 30,000
Kuvakwa kwekutanga kweiyo organic fertilizer mutsara wekugadzira
1. Matangi ekuvirisa mana achavakwa munzvimbo yakabikwa, imwe neimwe 40m kureba, 3m yakafara uye 1.2m dee-p, ine nharaunda yakazara 700 square metres;
2. Nzvimbo yezvakagadzirwa ichagadzira 320m light rail;
3. Nzvimbo yekugadzira inovhara nzvimbo ye 1400 square metres;
4. 3 vashandi vekugadzira vanodiwa munzvimbo yakasvibiswa, uye vashandi ve20 vanodiwa munzvimbo yekugadzira;
5. Iyo mbishi nzvimbo inoda kutenga matatu matani forklift rori.
Midziyo mikuru yekugadzira manyowa ehuku:
1. Early-nhanhomidziyo yokuvirisayehuku manyowa: groove compost turner muchina, crawlercompost turner muchina, self-propelled compost turner machine, chain plate compost turner machine
2. Kupwanya midziyo:semi-wet material crusher, chain crusher, vertical crusher
3. Kusanganisa midziyo: horizontal musanganisi, disc musanganisi
4. Kuongorora michina inosanganisirarotary screening muchinauye vibrating screening muchina
5. Granulator midziyo: agitate granulator, disc granulator,extrusion granulator, rotary drum granulatoruye denderedzwa-kuumba muchina
6. Kuomesa michina: rotary drum dryer
7. Michina yekutonhodza muchina:rotary kutonhora muchina
8. Zvishandiso zvekushandisa: quantitative feeder, huku manyowa dehydrator, coating machine, dust collector, automatic quantitative packaging machine.
9. Conveyor midziyo: bhandi conveyor, bucket elevator.
General organic fetireza kugadzira maitiro anosanganisira:
1. Tekinoroji inoshanda yemhando dzakaoma uye kupararira kwebhakitiriya kwemaruva.
2.Advanced zvinhu zvekugadzirira tekinoroji uyebiological fermentation system.
3. Yakanakisa yakakosha fotereza fomula tekinoroji (yakanakisa musanganiswa wefodya yechigadzirwa inogona kugadzirwa inochinjika zvinoenderana nevhu renzvimbo uye zvirimwa).
4. Inonzwisisika kudzora tekinoroji yekusvibiswa kwechipiri (marara gasi uye kunhuwa).
5. Maitiro ekugadzira uye kugadzira tekinoroji yemutsara wekugadzira fetereza.
Nyaya dzinoda kutariswa mukugadzirwa kwemupfudze wehuku
Fineness of raw materials:
Hunyoro hwezvigadzirwa zvakakosha pakugadzira organic fetireza.Zvinoenderana neruzivo, kunaka kweiyo mbishi yezvinhu zvese kunofanirwa kufananidzwa neinotevera: 100-60 mapoinzi eyakabikwa anenge 30-40%, 60 anonongedza kusvika 1.00 mm mudhayamita yezvakasvibirira anenge 35%, uye anenge 25% -30% mudhayamita ye1.00-2.00 mm.Nekudaro, mukugadzirwa, kuwanda kwehuwandu hwemhando yepamusoro zvinhu zvinowanzokonzera matambudziko senge akakurisa zvimedu uye zvimedu zvisina kujairika nekuda kwekunyanya kunaka viscosity.
Maturity Standard yeHuku Mupfudze Kuvirisa
Mupfudze wehuku unofanira kunyungudutswa zvizere usati waiswa.Zvipembenene zviri mumupfudze wehuku nemazai avo, pamwe chete nemamwe mabhakitiriya anotapukira, anozomiswa kuburikidza nekuora (fermentation).Mushure mekuora zvachose, mupfudze wehuku unozova fetireza yemhando yepamusoro.
1. Kukura
Panguva imwe chete nemamiriro matatu anotevera, unogona kutonga kuti mupfudze wehuku wakaviriswa.
1. Zvikurukuru hapana kunhuwa kwakashata;2. White hyphae;3. Mupfudze wehuku uri mushishi.
Nguva yekuvirisa kazhinji inenge mwedzi mitatu pasi pemamiriro echisikigo, ayo anozokwidziridzwa zvakanyanya kana chinovirisa chiwedzerwa.Zvichienderana neambient tembiricha, mazuva 20-30 anowanzo kudiwa, uye mazuva manomwe-10 anogona kupedzwa pasi pemamiriro ekugadzira fekitori.
2. Humidity
Mvura inofanira kugadziriswa mupfudze wehuku usati waviriswa.Mukuita kuvirisa fetereza yepasi, kukodzera kwehuwandu hwemvura kwakakosha zvikuru.Nekuti iyo inoora izere nemabhakitiriya mhenyu, kana yakanyanya kuoma kana kunyorova inokanganisa kuviriswa kwehutachiona, kazhinji inofanirwa kuchengetwa pa60 ~ 65%.
Nguva yekutumira: Jun-18-2021