Kune mapurazi akawanda emakwai muAustralia, New Zealand, America, England, France, Canada nedzimwe nyika dzakawanda.Chokwadika, inobereka manyowa emakwai akawanda zvikuru.Izvo zvakanaka mbishi zvekugadzira organic fetereza.Sei?Hunhu hwemupfudze wehwai ndohwekutanga mukupfuya zvipfuwo.Kusarudzwa kwemafuro emakwai mabuds, huswa hunyoro, maruva uye mashizha akasvibira, izvo zvikamu zve nitrogen.
Nutrient Analysis
Mupfudze wemakwai mutsva une 0.46% yephosphorus uye 0.23% ye potassium, asi iyo nitrogen ine 0.66%.Iyo phosphorus uye potasium yemukati yakafanana nemamwe manyowa emhuka.Organic matter content inosvika 30%, kure kure nemamwe manyowa emhuka.Nitrogen inodarika kaviri zviri mundove yemombe.Naizvozvo, kana ikaiswa mupfudze wemakwai muvhu, fetiraiza inoshanda zvakanyanya kupfuura mamwe manyowa emhuka.Fetereza yaro inokurumidza uye inokodzera kupfeka kwepamusoro, asi mushureyakaora kuvirisakanagranulation, kana zvisina kudaro zviri nyore kupisa mbesa.
Makwai anodya, asi haawanzonwisa mvura, saka mupfudze wehwai wakaoma uye wakanaka.Huwandu hwetsvina zvakare hudiki kwazvo.Mupfudze wemakwai, sefetireza inopisa, ndeumwe wemupfudze pakati pemupfudze webhiza nendove yemombe.Mupfudze wemakwai une chikafu chakati wandei.Izvo zvese zviri nyore kuputsa kuita zvinovaka muviri zvinogona kutorwa, asi zvakare zvine chikafu chinonetsa kuora.Nokudaro, manyowa emakwai organic fertilizer isanganiswa yekukurumidza-kuita uye yakaderera-inogadzirisa fertilizer, yakakodzera kune zvakasiyana-siyana zvekushandiswa kwevhu.Mupfudze wemakwaibio-fertilizer kuvirisamabhakitiriya anovirisa manyowa, uye mushure mekupwanywa kwemashanga, utachiona hwebhayoloji yakaoma huchivhetemesa zvakaenzana, uyezve neaerobic, anaerobic fermentation kuti huve hunobudirira organic fetireza.
Zviri mukati memarara emakwai zvaive 24% - 27%, nitrogen ye 0.7% - 0.8%, phosphorus yaiva 0.45% - 0.6%, potassium yaiva 0.3% - 0.6%, zviri mukati organic matter mumakwai 5%, nitrogen ye1.3% kusvika 1.4%, phosphorus shoma, potassium yakapfuma kwazvo, inosvika 2.1% kusvika 2.3%.
Mupfudze weMakwai Composting / Fermentation process:
1. Sanganisa mupfudze wehwai nehupfu hwemashanga.Huwandu hwehupfu hwemashanga hunoenderana nehunyoro hwemakwai.Iyo general composting / fermentation inoda 45% yehunyoro.
2. Wedzera 3 kg yebhayoloji yakaoma mabhakitiriya kune tani imwe yemanyowa emakwai kana 1.5 tani yemanyoro emakwai matsva.Mushure mekudzikisa mabhakitiriya pachiyero che1: 300, iwe unogona kupfapfaidza zvakaenzana mumurwi wemidziyo yemakwai.Wedzera huwandu hwakakodzera hwehupfu, huswa hwechibage, huswa hwakaoma, nezvimwe.
3. Ichave yakashongedzerwa nechakanakamusanganisi wefeterezakumutsa organic zvinhu.Kusanganiswa kunofanira kuva yunifomu, kwete kusiya chivharo.
4. Mushure mekusanganisa zvinhu zvose zvakasvibirira, unogona kuita murwi wemhepo ye compost.Murwi wakafara 2.0-3.0 m, kureba 1.5-2.0 m.Kana iri kureba, zvinopfuura 5 m zviri nani.Kana tembiricha yadarika 55 ℃, unogona kushandisacompost windrow turner machinekuishandura.
Cherechedzai: pane zvimwe zvinhu zvine chekuita nezvakokugadzira manyowa emakwai, senge tembiricha, C/N chiyero, pH kukosha, okisijeni uye kusimbiswa, nezvimwe.
5. Iyo compost ichave yemazuva matatu tembiricha ichikwira, 5 mazuva isina kunhuwa, 9 mazuva akasununguka, 12 mazuva anonhuhwirira, 15 mazuva mukuora.
a.Pazuva rechitatu, tembiricha yecompost inokwira kusvika pa60℃-80℃, ichiuraya E. coli, mazai nezvimwe zvirwere zvezvirimwa netumbuyu.
b.Pazuva rechishanu, kunhuwa kwemupfudze wemakwai kunobviswa.
c.Pazuva rechipfumbamwe, composting inova yakasununguka uye yakaoma, yakafukidzwa nechena hyphae.
d.Pazuva rekutanga regumi nembiri, rinobudisa waini inonaka;
e.Pazuva regumi neshanu, mupfudze wemakwai unobva wakura.
Paunenge wagadzira manyowa emakwai akaora, unogona kuutengesa kana kuuisa mubindu rako, purazi, bindu, nezvimwewo. Kana uchida kugadzira organic fetireza granules kana zvidimbu, manyowa ecompost anofanira kunge ari mukati.kugadzirwa kwefetereza yakadzama.
Mupfudze Wemakwai Commercial Organic Granules Production
Mushure mekuita manyowa, iyo organic fetiraiza mbishi zvinhu inotumirwa musemi-wet material crusherkupwanya.Uye wobva wawedzera zvimwe zvinhu kune composting (pure nitrogen, phosphorus pentoxide, potassium chloride, ammonium chloride, nezvimwewo) kuti isangane nezvinodiwa zvinovaka muviri, uye wozosanganisa zvinhu.Shandisamhando itsva organic fertilizer granulatorkuita granulate zvinhu kuita zvidimbu.Pukuta uye utonhodze pasi zvidimbu.Shandisascreener muchinakugadzira kupatsanura akajairwa uye asina kukodzera granules.Zvigadzirwa zvinokodzera zvinogona kuiswa zvakananga neotomatiki kurongedza muchinauye magranules asina kukodzera anodzoserwa kucrusher kuti adzore-granulation.
Mupfudze wese wehwai organic fetireza kugadzira process inogona kupatsanurwa kuita composting-kupwanya-kusanganisa-granulating-kuomesa-kutonhodza-screening-packaging.
Kune mhando dzakasiyana dze organic fetireza mutsara wekugadzira (kubva padiki kusvika kuhombe) yesarudzo yako.
Mupfudze weGwai Organic Fertilizer Application
1. Mupfudze wemakwai organic fetireza kuorainononoka, saka yakakodzera kune base fertilizer.Inowedzera goho pazvirimwa.Zvingave nani pamwe nekusanganiswa kwemafuta anopisa.Ikaiswa kune ivhu rejecha uye rakanamira zvakanyanya, inogona kuwana budiriro yekubereka, asi zvakare inovandudza ivhu enzyme basa.
2. Organic fetiraiza ine chikafu chakasiyana siyana chinodiwa kuvandudza kunaka kwezvigadzirwa zvekurima, kuchengetedza zvinovaka muviri zvinodiwa.
3. Organic fertilizer inobatsira kune ivhu metabolism, kuvandudza ivhu biological chiitiko, chimiro uye chikafu.
4. Inosimudzira kusanaya kwemvura kwezvirimwa, kusanaya kwechando, kubvisa munyu uye kusamira kwemunyu uye kudzivirira zvirwere.
Nguva yekutumira: Jun-18-2021