Chekutanga mupfudze wehuku hauna kuenzana nefotereza.Organic fetireza (Organic fertilizer) zvinoreva mupfudze wemashanga, keke, mhuka nehuku, mushroom slag nemamwe mafetireza anogadzirwa nekuwora kuvirisa.Mupfudze wezvipfuyo ingori mbishi yekugadzira organic fetereza, uye ndeimwe yeanodzikisira endofof yezvese zvigadzirwa.
Pasinei nekunyorova uye kunyorova mupfudze wehuku, isina kuviriswa zviri nyore kukonzera miriwo yegreenhouse, minda yemichero uye zvimwe zvirimwa zvemari zvinoparadza njodzi, kuvarimi zvakakonzera kurasikirwa kukuru kwehupfumi.Ngatitangei tanzwisisa kuipa kwemupfudze wehuku usina kucheneswa, topedzisira tataura kuti sei tichifunga kuti mupfudze wehuku mbishi unoshanda kudarika mamwe manyowa emhuka.Kuwedzera simba rinoshanda?
Njodzi sere dzinogona kukonzeresa nyore kubva mukushandiswa kwehuku mumuriwo wegreenhouse neminda yemichero:
Kupisa midzi, kupisa mbesa, miti inosvuta, mafirita akafa
Mushure mekushandisa mupfudze wehuku usina kunyatsovira, isa ruoko muvhu unzwe tembiricha yevhu yakwira.Yakakomba firimu kana izere nevakafa, kana kurasikirwa kwemari yevashandi uye kudyara kwembesa.
Kunyanya munguva yechando uye muchirimo kushandiswa kwehuku manyowa ekuchengetedza ngozi ndiyo yakakura, nokuti panguva ino kutonhora kwakanyanya mushedhi, kuvirisa kwehuku kunobudisa kupisa kwakawanda, zvichiita kuti kupiswa kwechiitiko chemidzi;
Salinization yevhu mushedhi, kuderedza michero
Makore ekushandiswa kwemupfudze wehuku, ivhu rakasiya huwandu hukuru hwesodium chloride munyu, avhareji ye6 square munyu munyu we30-40 kg, uye 10 kg yemunyu paeka yakadzora zvakanyanya kupera kwevhu uye basa, kurapa phosphorus fetireza. , potasium fetiraiza, calcium uye zingi iron boron manganese nezvimwe zvakakosha, kukura kwechirimwa zvisina kujairika, maruva buds, michero isina kuvhurika uye zvimwe zviitiko zvekudzikisa kugadzirwa, zvakanyanya kudzora goho rezvirimwa uye kuvandudzwa kwemhando.
Nekuda kweizvozvo, mwero wekushandiswa kwefetereza wakadzikira, isingasviki gore, yakawedzera mari yekupinda 50-100%;
Acidification yevhu, yakakonzera zvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana zvemidzi uye zvirwere zvehutachiona
Nekuti iyo pH yemupfudze wehuku ingangoita 4, ine acidic zvakanyanya, ivhu rine acidified, zvichikonzera kushungurudzika kwemakemikari uye kukuvadzwa kwakanyanya kune stem base uye midzi tishu, kune mupfudze wehuku inotakura huwandu hukuru hwehutachiona hwehutachiona, hutachiona hwehutachiona hwevhu, mavhairasi anopa mukana wekupinda uye kutapukira, muhunyoro uye tembiricha kana zvangosvika zvinobuda muchirwere.
Kushandiswa kwekuvirisa hakuna kukwana huku mupfudze, nyore kwazvo kukonzera chirimwa wilt, yero, shrinkage haisi refu, muonde, kunyange rufu;
Kuberekera mudzi knot nematodes
Mupfudze wehuku inzvimbo yemubhedha uye hotbed yemidzi knot nematodes, nhamba yavo pachavo vakatakura midzi knot nematode mazai pa 1000 gramu 100, chicken manyowa nematode mazai ari nyore kuchechenya, nehusiku humwe huviri makumi ezviuru, kuitika kwenematodes muvhu nyika ine manyowa ehuku yakawedzera nekanopfuura ka500.
Bitter melon root knot nematodes
Nematodes inonzwa zvakanyanya kumakemikari, uye mushure mekutonga nematodes inokurumidza kufamba kusvika pakadzika 50 cm -1.5 mamita pasi pevhu kutiza, saka zvakaoma kuvarapa.Kunyanya kweanopfuura makore matatu ekare mashedhi, midzi knot nematodes ndeimwe yenjodzi dzinouraya dzakavanzwa.
Kuunza mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya, inokanganisa kuchengetedzwa kwezvigadzirwa zvekurima
Kuberekesa huku, kudyisa China ine mahomoni akawanda, kudzivirira zvirwere uye kurapwa kuchashandisawo mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya, izvi zvichaunzwa muvhu kuburikidza nemupfudze wehuku, zvichikanganisa kuchengetedzwa kwezvigadzirwa zvekurima.
Kugadzira magasi anokuvadza, kusvuta miti, kufa
Kugadzira magasi anokuvadza, miti inopfungaira, slugs akafa: manyowa ehuku mukuwora kugadzira methane, ammonia uye mamwe magasi anokuvadza, kuitira kuti ivhu nezvirimwa zvibudise kukuvadzwa kweasidhi uye kukuvadzwa kwemidzi, zvakanyanya kuoma kugadzirwa kwe ethylene gasi inodzivirirwa midzi kukura. ndichowo chikonzero chikuru chekutsva kwemidzi.
Makore ekushandiswa kwehuku manyowa, zvichikonzera kushayikwa kweokisijeni mumidzi
Makore ekushandiswa kwemupfudze wehuku, zvichikonzera kushaikwa kweokisijeni midzi, kukura kwakashata, mupfudze wehuku wakakandirwa muvhu, mukuora kwekuita kuti upedze okisijeni muvhu, kuitira kuti ivhu rive kwenguva pfupi riri mumamiriro e hypoxia, riite goho. kukura kunodziviswa.
Heavy metal inodarika mwero
Masimbi anorema anodarika mwero: manyowa ehuku ane mhangura yakawanda, mercury, chromium, cadmium, lead, arsenic uye mamwe masimbi anorema, kune mamwe masara ehomoni, zvichikonzera simbi inorema muzvigadzirwa zvekurima yakadarika mwero, kusvibiswa kwemvura yepasi. uye ivhu, organic matter kune humus kwenguva yakareba, kurasikirwa kwekudya kwakakomba.
Sei yakasimba nemupfudze wehuku?
Izvi zvinodaro nekuti huku rectal zvinhu, weti pamwe chete, saka manyowa ehuku ane 25.5% ye organic matter, ine inopfuura 60% ye organic matter iri muchimiro cheuric acid, uric acid decomposition mushure mekupa huwandu hukuru hwe nitrogen elements, kushandiswa kwechiuru chemazana ehuku manyowa akaenzana nekushandiswa kwe 153 pounds ye urea, iyo inotaridzika inotaridzika yakasikwa yakareba uye yakasimba zvirimwa.Kana izvi zvikaitika pa eggplant kana mazambiringa emiti yemichero, zvirwere zvakakomba zvemuviri zvinogona kuitika.
Kunyanya nekuda kwenitrogen uye kutsvaga zvinhu zvekupokana, urea donots yakawandisa, inokonzeresa kutorwa kwezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana kuvharika, kugadzirwa kwemashizha eyero, kuora kweumbilical, kuputika michero, chirwere chehuku uye zvichingodaro.
Tinoona mupfudze wehuku haisi kuwora kukuvadza sere, enzanisa, tarisa pabindu rako remichero kana yemuriwo, hapana kazhinji inopisa mbesa dzakaora midzi yakafa muti, fetireza haisi shoma, goho uye kunaka hakusi kukwira, uye kunyange hafu yakareba. yevakafa, ivhu knot, heavy stoics uye zvichingodaro mamiriro akaipa.Mupfudze wehuku unoda kuviriswa uye kubatwa zvisina njodzi kuti uise muvhu!
Zvinonzwisisika uye zvinobudirira kushandiswa kwehuku manyowa
Mupfudze wehuku yakanaka kwazvo organic fetireza mbishi, yakapfuma munitrogen yakachena inosvika 1.63%, phosphorus (P2O5) inenge 1.54%, potassium (K2O) inenge 0.085%, inogona kugadzirwa nehunyanzvi organic fetireza michina kugadzira organic fetireza, mushure me huku manyowa organic fetereza yekugadzira mutsara wekuvirisa, tumbuyu zvinokuvadza uye mhodzi dzemasora nekukwira nekudonha kwekushisa, zvichabviswa.Mutsara wekugadzira wehuku manyowa organic fertilizer unosanganisira: kuvirisa, kupwanya, kusanganiswa kwezvinhu, granulation, kuomeswa, kutonhora kuongorora, kuisa chisimbiso, kupedzisa chigadzirwa kuchengetedza.
Organic fertilizer production process flow chart
Nzira yekugadzira fetereza yeOrganic
Kutanga, iyo mbishi zvinhu nharaunda kuvaka ina yokuvirisa matangi, imwe neimwe 40m kureba, 3m yakafara, 1.2m yakadzika, nzvimbo yakajairika 700m 2;
Chechipiri, iyo mbishi nzvimbo inoda kutenga njanji yakareruka 320m;
Chechitatu, nzvimbo yepasi yenzvimbo yekugadzira 1400m 2;
Chechina, iyo mbishi nzvimbo inoda kushandisa vashandi vekugadzira 3 vanhu, nzvimbo yekugadzira inoda kushandisa vanhu makumi maviri;
Chechishanu, iyo mbishi nzvimbo inoda kutenga matani matatu eforkliftone imwe.
Nhanganyaya kumidziyo mikuru yehuku manyowa organic fertilizer kugadzira line
1, manyowa ehuku organic fertilizer pre-fermentation midziyo: slot-type dumper, track-type dumper, self-walking dumper, chain board-type dumper
2, manyowa ehuku organic fertilizer shredder zvishandiso: semi-wet material shredder, cheni shredder, vertical shredder
3, mupfudze wehuku organic fertilizer musanganisi zvishandiso: yakachinjika musanganisi, disc musanganiswa
4, manyowa ehuku organic fetireza sieve muchina midziyo: roller sieve muchina, vibration sieve yekuwedzera
5, mupfudze wehuku organic fetireza granulation muchina muchina: inosimudzira mazino granulation muchina, disc granulation muchina, extrusion granulation muchina, chigubhu granulation muchina, rounding muchina.
6, manyowa ehuku organic fertilizer dryer midziyo: tumble dryer
7, manyowa ehuku organic fetireza yekutonhodza muchina muchina: rotary yekutonhodza muchina
8, mupfudze wehuku organic fetiraiza inotsigira midziyo inotsigira: muchina wekudyisa, muto wenguruve wekudzikisa mvura, muchina wekuputira, wekubvisa huruva, otomatiki wehuwandu hwekurongedza muchina.
9, manyowa ehuku organic fertilizer conveyor zvishandiso: bhandi conveyor, bucket lifter.
General organic fetireza kugadzira maitiro anosanganisira:
1, inobudirira mhando dzemhando uye tekinoroji yekuwedzera;
2, advanced raw material yekunyungudutsa tekinoroji uye biofermentation system;
3, yakanakisa yakakosha fetiraiza fomula tekinoroji (inogona kuchinjika zvinoenderana nevhu renzvimbo uye hunhu hwechirimwa, musanganiswa wakanakisa wekuumbwa kwechigadzirwa);
4, inonzwisisika yechipiri kusvibiswa (kupedza gasi uye kunhuwa) kudzora tekinoroji;
5, fetereza yakazara seti yekugadzira tekinoroji uye tekinoroji yekugadzira.
Chengetedzo mukugadzira organic fetereza yehuku manyowa:
Kunaka kweiyo mbishi:
Kuenzanirana kunonzwisisika kwehunyoro hwemidziyo yakakosha pakugadzirwa kwefotereza.Zvinoenderana neruzivo, kunaka kweiyo mbishi yezvinhu zvese kunofanirwa kufananidzwa neinotevera: 100-60 chinangwa mbishi zvinhu zvinenge 30% -40%, 60 ziso kusvika dhayamita 1.00mm raw material stake inenge 35%, dhayamita 1.00-2.00mm diki. zvimedu zvingangoita 25% -30%, iyo yakakwira kunaka kwechinhu, zvirinani viscosity, iyo yakakwirira kupedzisa kwechikamu chepamusoro mushure megranulation.Nekudaro, mukugadzira, kushandiswa kweyepamusoro-chikamu chepamusoro-chaiyo zvinhu, zviri nyore kuoneka nekuda kweiyo viscosity yeyakanyanya kunaka zvichikonzera kuti zvimedu zvakakurisa, particle irregularities nezvimwe zvinhu.
Chiyero chekuvirisa mupfudze wehuku (tora chitsama chezvinhu, ivhu uye kuparadzira)
Mupfudze wehuku unofanirwa kunyatso kubikwa usati waiswa, kuvapo kwezvipembenene mumanyowa ehuku nemazai avo, uye mabhakitiriya anotapukira kuburikidza nekuora (cocite) kuti asashande, mushure mekuora kuzere, mupfudze wehuku unozova wemhando yepamusoro fetiraiza. zvekurima zvirimwa.
1. Kuora
Panguva imwe chete nevatatu vanotevera, unogona kutonga kuti mupfudze wehuku wakaviriswa zvakanaka.
1. Chaizvoizvo haigoni kunhuwa;2. Kune mycelium chena;3. manyowa ehuku kuita chimiro chakasununguka.
Nguva yekuora kazhinji ndeye: masikirwo echisikigo anowanzogara anenge mwedzi mitatu, kana kuwedzerwa kwekuvirisa agent, iyi nzira ichakwidziridzwa zvakanyanya, zvichienderana nekupisa kwemukati, kazhinji inoda mazuva makumi maviri kusvika makumi matatu, kana mamiriro ekugadzirwa kwefekitori 7 kusvika. 10 mazuva anogona kupedzwa.
2. Humidity
Dzora mwando wehuku usati waviriswa.Mukuita kuvirisa fetereza yepasi, zvakakosha zvikuru kuona kuti mwando wakakodzera here.Nekuti iyo inoora mukati mune mabhakitiriya mhenyu, kana yakanyanya kuoma kana kunyorova inokanganisa kuviriswa kweutachiona, kazhinji inofanirwa kuchengetwa pa60 kusvika 65%.
Nzira yekutonga: ruoko graspa chinhu, chigunwe seam watermark asi kwete dripwater, pasi inogona kuparadzirwa sezvakakodzera.
Nguva yekutumira: Sep-22-2020